What kind of cells are clue cells?

Clue cells are specifically squamous epithelial cells that exhibit a characteristic alteration in their appearance due to being covered by a significant number of bacteria, particularly Gardnerella vaginalis. This coating gives them a distinct appearance under the microscope, often described as "clue" cells because they serve as a marker for bacterial vaginosis. Their morphology will usually show a slightly irregular border due to the overgrowth of the bacteria, making them easily identifiable in a urine sediment analysis. Recognizing clue cells is crucial in diagnosing conditions associated with the vaginal flora and understanding female urogenital health. The other types of cells mentioned—cuboidal renal tubular epithelial cells, round transitional cells, and renal tubule epithelial cells—do not present the same distinguishing characteristics as clue cells and are not associated with bacterial vaginosis.